000			04333nam a22004935i 4500
008			200408s2020 sz | s |||| 0|eng d
020			_a9783030332082
072		7	_aPSAF _2bicssc
072		7	_aSCI020000 _2bisacsh
072		7	_aPSAF _2thema
082	0	4	_a577 _223
245	1	0	_aPOLAR NIGHT Marine Ecology _h[electronic resource] : _bLife and Light in the Dead of Night / _cedited by Jørgen Berge, Geir Johnsen, Jonathan H. Cohen.
250			_a1st ed. 2020.
300			_aXI, 375 p. 133 illus., 116 illus. in color. _bonline resource.
490	1		_aAdvances in Polar Ecology, _v4
505	0		_aPreface -- The marine physical environment during the Polar Night -- Light in the Polar Night -- Marine micro- and macroalgae in the Polar Night -- Zooplankton in the Polar Night -- Benthic communities in the Polar Night -- Fish ecology in the Polar Night -- Biological clocks and rhythms in polar organisms -- Sensor carrying platforms -- Operative habitat mapping and monitoring in the Polar Night -- The Polar Night exhibition: Life and light at the dead of night -- Index.
520			_aUntil recently, the prevailing view of marine life at high latitudes has been that organisms enter a general resting state during the dark Polar Night and that the system only awakens with the return of the sun. Recent research, however, with coordinated, multidisciplinary field campaigns based on the high Arctic Archipelago of Svalbard, have provided a radical new perspective. Instead of a system in dormancy, a new perspective of a system in full operation and with high levels of activity across all major phyla is emerging. Examples of such activities and processes include: Active marine organisms at sea surface, water column and the sea-floor. At surface we find active foraging in seabirds and fish, in the water column we find a high biodiversity and activity of zooplankton and larvae such as active light induced synchronized diurnal vertical migration, and at seafloor there is a high biodiversity in benthic animals and macroalgae. The Polar Night is a period for reproduction in many benthic and pelagic taxa, mass occurrence of ghost shrimps (Caprellides), high abundance of Ctenophores, physiological evidence of micro- and macroalgal cells that are ready to utilize the first rays of light when they appear, deep water fishes found at water surface in the Polar night, and continuous growth of bivalves throughout the winter. These findings not only begin to shape a new paradigm for marine winter ecology in the high Arctic, but also provide conclusive evidence for a top-down controlled system in which primary production levels are close to zero. In an era of environmental change that is accelerated at high latitudes, we believe that this new insight is likely to strongly impact how the scientific community views the high latitude marine ecosystem. Despite the overwhelming darkness, the main environmental variable affecting marine organisms in the Polar Night is in fact light. The light regime during the Polar Night is unique with respect to light intensity, spectral composition of light and photoperiod. .
650		0	_aBiotic communities.
650		0	_aBiodiversity.
650		0	_aFreshwater ecology.
650		0	_aMarine ecology.
650		0	_aClimatology.
650		0	_aPhysical geography.
650		0	_aBotanical chemistry.
650	1	4	_aEcosystems.
650	2	4	_aBiodiversity.
650	2	4	_aFreshwater and Marine Ecology.
650	2	4	_aClimate Sciences.
650	2	4	_aPhysical Geography.
650	2	4	_aPlant Biochemistry.
700	1		_aBerge, Jørgen. _eeditor. _4edt _4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/edt
700	1		_aJohnsen, Geir. _eeditor. _4edt _4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/edt
700	1		_aCohen, Jonathan H. _eeditor. _4edt _4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/edt
710	2		_aSpringerLink (Online service)
773	0		_tSpringer Nature eBook
776	0	8	_iPrinted edition: _z9783030332075
776	0	8	_iPrinted edition: _z9783030332099
776	0	8	_iPrinted edition: _z9783030332105
830		0	_aAdvances in Polar Ecology, _v4
856	4	0	_uhttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33208-2
942			_2ddc _cEB
999			_c8545 _d8545